Ecosystems
A community and its physical environment is called its Ecosystem. An ecosystem is a biological environment consisting of all the organism living in a particular area, as well as all the non- living (abiotic), physical components of the environment with which the organisms interact, such as air, soil, water and sunlight.
Ecosystem is an open system with inputs, internal transfers and outputs of energy and nutrients. Sunlight is the initial energy source for nearly all ecosystems. The different types of ecosytems are
(i) Natural ecosystem
(a) Terrestrial ecosystem
(b) Aquatic ecosystem
(c) Lentic (lake, pond or swamp)
(d) Lotic (river, stream or spring)
(ii) Artificial Ecosystems
The species that live and interact in an area constitute an ecological community.
