Antibodies are produced against a given antigen by plasma cells, however, because an antigen typically has many" epitopes" (small parts of antigen molecule that triggers immune response), several different clones of plasma cells produce different antibodies.
Therefore in order to produce monoclonal antibodies ("mono"=single), (MAbs), scientists fuses 'B' cells with tumour cells, that grows and proliferates endlessly, resulting in a hybrid cell, called as hybridoma. These cells are long-term sources of large quantities of of pure and identical antibodies.
Therefore in order to produce monoclonal antibodies ("mono"=single), (MAbs), scientists fuses 'B' cells with tumour cells, that grows and proliferates endlessly, resulting in a hybrid cell, called as hybridoma. These cells are long-term sources of large quantities of of pure and identical antibodies.
These MAbs are used for diagnosis of pregnancy, allergies, diseases, and viz. hepatitis, rabies, sexually transmitted diseases, and also for early detection of cancer and metastasis (spreading). These are also useful for measuring levels of drug in a patient's blood or in preparing vaccines to counter act the rejection associated with transplants.
These are used either alone or in combination with other drugs to treat cancer because of its advantage of destroying only the tumour tissue and not the healthy tissue (which is a major disadvantage of chemotherapy eases and perhaps AIDS also!
These are used either alone or in combination with other drugs to treat cancer because of its advantage of destroying only the tumour tissue and not the healthy tissue (which is a major disadvantage of chemotherapy eases and perhaps AIDS also!
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